Do Deer Eat Iris Plants? How to Create a Deer Resistant Garden by State!

I am passionate about everything related to deer, and as a nature lover, it’s important to me to protect my garden from their voracious appetite. If you’re wondering, “do deer eat iris plants?”.

Do Deer Eat Iris?

Deer have a voracious appetite and will eat a variety of plants, however, they will usually avoid irises. These beautiful flowers are often used in gardens located in areas where deer are prevalent. All irises are deer resistant, however, in some cases deer may eat them anyway! Deer are also known to feed on many different types of flowers, vegetables, and fruits. Gardeners may consider taking measures such as erecting barriers or using deer repellents to protect their plants from these pesky herbivores.

An Overview of Iris Plants and their Deer-Resistance Level

Iris plants are stunning flowers with a unique and intricate design. They come in a variety of colors, including purple, yellow, white, and blue, and can add a touch of elegance to any garden.

Even if deer would usually avoid irises, these animals may still eat them from time to time. They not only eat the flowers but also leaves and stems.

Creating a Deer-Resistant Garden

Crafting a garden that isn’t attractive to deer is a feasible task if you make thoughtful selections and plan strategic groupings. There are many tactics at your disposal to deter deer from devouring your greenery.

Fencing and Repellents

One way to protect your garden is by fencing your yard. A physical barrier can prevent deer from entering your garden and causing damage to your plants. However, fencing can be an expensive option, and it may not always fit your garden’s design.Using deer repellents is another way to protect your plants.

However, be cautious about using potentially dangerous chemicals. There are natural alternatives such as urine or blood meal, which can act as a repellent. They work by mimicking the scent of predator urine in the deer’s territory, causing them to be cautious and stay away from your garden.

Scent and Sound Deterrents

Deer’s sensitive senses can be used to your advantage as well. You can employ scent and sound deterrents to keep deer away from your garden. Deer often react negatively to the smell of certain plants, such as garlic, lavender, or marigold. Growing these plants in your garden can help to deter deer from entering your garden.Sound deterrents are another option that can stimulate a deer’s sense of hearing. Wind chimes, radios, or even using a dog to guard your yard can be effective at deterring deer.

Deer-Resistant Plant Lists by State

If you’re looking for a comprehensive list of deer-resistant plants, be sure to reach out to the university cooperative extension service in your state. Many offer lists of plants and their deer-resistance to help you choose species that deer are less likely to eat. These lists are not fool-proof, as no plant can claim to be entirely deer-resistant, but they are a helpful tool for selecting plants for your garden.

Alabama

If you live in Alabama, some deer-resistant plants you might consider planting include boxwoods, crepe myrtles, lantanas, and roses. Some other stand-out options include the Japanese pieris, the American holly, and the dwarf yaupon.

Alaska

Cold temperatures and long winters in Alaska make the growing season a challenge, but even here, there are deer-resistant plants you can use. Options include the willow, the Alaskan blueberry, and the cedar. Some other possibilities to consider include the sourdough rose and the wild strawberry.

Arizona

Arizona has a dry climate, making it an ideal environment for cacti and succulents that deer don’t prefer. Some options to consider include the prickly pear cactus, agave, and yucca. Other excellent plants to try include the ornamental grasses and lantana.

Arkansas

Arkansas has a variety of soil types, so it’s crucial to choose plants that will thrive in your specific area. Some deer-resistant options for Arkansas include the Annabelle hydrangea, the peonies, and the Eastern red cedar. Other possibilities include the goldenrod, the sage, and the black-eyed susan.

In conclusion, creating a deer-resistant garden is a challenge, but it’s doable with the right strategies. Remember to choose plants that deer are less likely to eat, use effective deterrents, and consider fencing your yard to keep out unwanted visitors. With these tips in mind, you can enjoy your garden without worrying about deer munching on your plants!

California

California is a diverse state with a wide range of different climates, which can make gardening challenging when trying to find deer-resistant plants that thrive in your area. However, there are a number of options available that can help keep your garden safe from pesky deer.

  • Agave: These succulent plants are beautiful and drought-tolerant, making them an excellent choice for California gardens. They are also spiky, which means deer are less likely to eat them.
  • Society garlic: This edible herb is known for its strong smell, which can help deter deer. It also produces pretty purple or white flowers that can add a pop of color to your garden.
  • Butterfly bush: These shrubs produce beautiful flowers that attract pollinators like bees and butterflies but are less popular with deer. They are also drought-tolerant and can thrive in many different areas of California.

Colorado

Colorado is known for its beautiful mountains and high-altitude areas, but it also has lower elevations that can make it difficult to find deer-resistant plants. However, with a little research and planning, you can create a beautiful garden that is safe from deer.

  • Rosemary: This herb is not only delicious in your favorite recipes, but it is also deer-resistant. It thrives in hot and dry climates, making it an excellent choice for Colorado gardens.
  • Yucca: These plants are native to the Southwest and can handle the hot and dry climate of Colorado. They are also spiky, which means deer are less likely to eat them.
  • Lavender: This beautiful plant produces fragrant purple flowers that are very popular with humans but not so much with deer. It also thrives in hot and dry conditions.

Connecticut

Connecticut is a beautiful state with a lot of unpredictable weather, from hot and dry summers to cold and humid winters. However, there are many deer-resistant plants that can thrive in this climate.

  • Boxwood: This evergreen shrub is a classic choice for gardens in Connecticut. It is dense and spiky, which means deer are less likely to eat it.
  • Coneflower: These pretty flowers produce gorgeous pink, purple, and white blooms that are very popular with butterflies and hummingbirds. They are also deer-resistant.
  • Black-eyed Susan: This is another popular flower that produces yellow blooms with dark centers. They are also deer-resistant and can thrive in many different areas of Connecticut.

Delaware

Delaware is a small state with a lot of variation in climate and soil types. However, there are many different deer-resistant plants that can help keep your garden safe from deer.

  • Juniper: This evergreen shrub is an excellent choice for Delaware gardens. It produces dense foliage that is not very appetizing to deer.
  • Rosemary: This herb is not only delicious in your favorite recipes, but it is also deer-resistant. It thrives in hot and dry climates, making it an excellent choice for Delaware gardens.
  • Catmint: This pretty plant produces lavender-blue flowers that are very popular with bees and hummingbirds. However, they are not very popular with deer.

Florida

Florida is known for its hot and humid weather, which can make it difficult to find deer-resistant plants that thrive in this climate. However, there are many different options available that can help keep your garden safe from deer.

  • Zinnia: These colorful flowers can add a pop of color to your garden and are very popular with pollinators like bees and butterflies. However, they are not very popular with deer.
  • Lantana: This plant produces beautiful and fragrant blooms that are very popular with pollinators. However, they are not very popular with deer.
  • Salvia: These plants produce beautiful blue or purple flowers that are very popular with pollinators but not so much with deer. They are also drought-tolerant and can thrive in Florida’s hot and humid weather.

Georgia

Georgia is known for its hot and humid weather, which can make it difficult to find deer-resistant plants that thrive in this climate. However, there are many different options available that can help keep your garden safe from deer.

  • Bee Balm: This plant produces pretty pink or red flowers that are very popular with pollinators like bees and hummingbirds. However, they are not very popular with deer.
  • Coneflower: These pretty flowers produce gorgeous pink, purple, and white blooms that are very popular with butterflies and hummingbirds. They are also deer-resistant and can thrive in many different areas of Georgia.
  • Lavender: This beautiful plant produces fragrant purple flowers that are very popular with humans but not so much with deer. It also thrives in hot and humid conditions, making it an excellent choice for Georgia gardens.

Idaho

Idaho is known for its beautiful mountains, but it also has lower elevation areas that can make it difficult to find deer-resistant plants. However, with a little research and planning, you can create a beautiful garden that is safe from deer.

  • Poppy: These pretty flowers produce bright red, orange, or yellow blooms that are very popular with humans but not so much with deer. They are also drought-tolerant and can thrive in many different areas of Idaho.
  • Siberian Iris: These beautiful flowers produce gorgeous purple or blue blooms that are very popular with humans but not so much with deer.
  • Yarrow: This pretty plant produces clusters of flowers in shades of pink, red, or yellow. They are also deer-resistant and can handle the hot and dry climate of Idaho.

Illinois

Illinois is known for its unpredictable weather, from hot and humid summers to cold and snowy winters. However, there are many deer-resistant plants that can thrive in this climate.

  • Calendula: These pretty flowers produce orange or yellow blooms that are very popular with humans but not so much with deer. They are also drought-tolerant and can thrive in many different areas of Illinois.
  • Daylily: These flowers produce large and showy blooms in shades of orange, pink, or yellow. They are also not very popular with deer.
  • Hyssop: This herb produces pretty blue, pink, or purple flowers that are very popular with pollinators. However, they are not very popular with deer.

Indiana

Indiana has a wide range of different climates, from hot and humid to cold and snowy. However, there are many different deer-resistant plants that can thrive in this state.

  • Hosta: These plants produce large and showy foliage that is not very appetizing to deer. They can also handle the hot and humid weather of Indiana.
  • Sedum: These plants are very drought-tolerant and can handle the hot and dry weather of Indiana. They are also not very popular with deer.
  • Peony: These beautiful flowers produce large and showy blooms that are very popular with humans but not so much with deer. They can also handle the cold and snowy winters of Indiana.

Iowa

Gardeners in Iowa know that deer can be a major problem for their beautiful plantings. To keep deer at bay, consider using native plants that aren’t as attractive to deer. Some options include butterfly weed and prairie smoke. You could also consider planting herbs such as garlic or lavender, as these fragrant plants can help to deter deer naturally. For those looking to add some color, try planting zinnias, marigolds, or snapdragons, which are all known to be deer-resistant.

Another option is to use physical barriers to keep deer away. Fencing is an effective method, but can be costly and time-consuming to install. Another option is to use deer netting, which can be draped over plants or around garden beds to keep deer from nibbling. Additionally, there are many types of deer repellents available on the market that can be sprayed on plants to deter deer.

Kansas

Gardeners in Kansas might consider planting some native plants that are less attractive to deer. Some options include prairie dropseed, purple coneflower, and black-eyed Susan. These plants can provide beautiful color and texture to your garden, while also repelling deer. Other options include planting herbs such as thyme or sage, or using fragrant plants like lavender, which can help to mask the scent of your garden and deter deer.

If native plants aren’t your style, there are many other plants that are known to be deer-resistant. Some popular options include daffodils, hyacinths, and tulips, which can provide beautiful early-season color to your garden. Other popular deer-resistant plants include Russian sage, yarrow, and lamb’s ear.

Kentucky

Gardeners in Kentucky know that deer can be a major nuisance, but there are ways to keep them at bay. One strategy is to use repellents, either commercially available or homemade. Some gardeners swear by homemade sprays made from garlic or hot pepper, while others prefer commercial sprays that use natural ingredients to deter deer.

Another option is to plant deer-resistant plants. Some popular options include black-eyed Susans, bee balm, and coreopsis, which can all provide beautiful pops of color to your garden while also repelling deer. Other popular deer-resistant plants include salvia, coneflowers, and daylilies.

Louisiana

Gardeners in Louisiana understand the frustration of having a beautiful garden only to have it destroyed by deer. One strategy for deer-proofing your garden is to use plants that are less attractive to deer. Some options include herbs like rosemary or oregano, which have strong scents that can help to deter deer.

If fragrance isn’t your thing, there are many other plants that are known to be deer-resistant. Some popular options include lantana, verbena, and daylilies, all of which can provide beautiful pops of color to your garden. Other popular deer-resistant plants include marigolds, salvia, and yarrow.

Maine

Gardeners in Maine know that deer can be a major problem for their gardens. One strategy is to use native plants that aren’t as attractive to deer. Some options include ferns, wild blueberries, and chokecherries. You could also consider planting herbs such as mint or lavender, which can help to naturally deter deer. For those looking to add some color, try planting columbine or iris, both of which are known to be deer-resistant.

If you’re looking for a more dramatic solution, consider installing a fence around your garden. A 6-foot-tall fence will generally keep deer out, but be sure to bury the fence at least 6 inches deep to prevent deer from digging under it. Another option is to use deer netting, which can be draped over plants or around garden beds to keep deer from nibbling.

Maryland

Gardeners in Maryland are no stranger to deer damage. To reduce the risk of deer nibbling on your plants, consider using deer-resistant plants in your garden. Some popular options include catmint, yarrow, and black-eyed Susans, all of which can provide beautiful color and texture while also repelling deer.

Another option is to use deer repellents. There are many types of deer repellents available, both commercial and homemade. Some gardeners swear by homemade sprays made from garlic or hot pepper, while others prefer commercial sprays that use natural ingredients to deter deer.

Massachusetts

Gardeners in Massachusetts know that deer can be a major problem for their gardens. One strategy is to use plants that are less attractive to deer. Some options include yarrow, verbena, and marigolds. You could also consider planting herbs such as rosemary or thyme, which can help to naturally deter deer. For those looking to add some color, try planting coneflowers or daylilies, both of which are known to be deer-resistant.

Another option is to use physical barriers to keep deer away. Fencing is an effective method, but can be costly and time-consuming to install. Another option is to use deer netting, which can be draped over plants or around garden beds to keep deer from nibbling. Additionally, there are many types of deer repellents available on the market that can be sprayed on plants to deter deer.

Michigan

Gardeners in Michigan understand the frustration of having a beautiful garden only to have it destroyed by deer. To reduce the risk of deer nibbling on your plants, consider planting deer-resistant plants such as catmint, lavender, or Russian sage. These fragrant plants can help to mask the scent of your garden and deter deer.

Another option is to use deer repellents. There are many types of deer repellents available, both commercial and homemade. Some gardeners swear by homemade sprays made from garlic or hot pepper, while others prefer commercial sprays that use natural ingredients to deter deer.

Minnesota

Gardeners in Minnesota know that deer can be a major problem for their gardens. To reduce the risk of deer nibbling on your plants, consider planting deer-resistant plants such as yarrow, black-eyed Susans, or echinacea. These plants can provide beautiful color and texture to your garden while also repelling deer.

Another option is to use physical barriers to keep deer away. Fencing is an effective method, but can be costly and time-consuming to install. Another option is to use deer netting, which can be draped over plants or around garden beds to keep deer from nibbling. Additionally, there are many types of deer repellents available on the market that can be sprayed on plants to deter deer.

Missouri

Missouri is home to various deer-resistant plants that thrive in the state’s climate conditions. The state has a variety of soils that support differing types of plants. For instance, some of the deer-resistant plants that do well in Missouri include the butterfly weed, the gay feather, the coneflower, hyssop, and bee balm. These plants can protect your garden from deer invasion and still maintain an alluring aesthetic.

Suppose you live in Missouri and are looking for plants to add to your garden to deter deer. In that case, you may want to consider plants with strong odors, such as herbs like rosemary, lavender, and mint. Also, deer dislike plants with spiky, prickly, or fuzzy leaves, such as lamb’s ears and yarrow. Plants with thorny stems or strong branches, such as quince, may also be beneficial to deter deer.

Mississippi

The Mississippi climate is generally warm, and garden plants can be susceptible to deer damage. However, some deer-resistant plants may perform well throughout the year. Some of these plants include the butterfly bush, blue fescue, cannas, lavender, and Russian sage. These plants are pest-resistant, easy to care for, and add to your garden’s beauty.

Another way to prevent deer from eating your garden is to make it less appealing. You can achieve this by planting a mix of poisonous, aromatic, or prickly plants throughout your garden space that will discourage deer from entering.

Montana

Montana is an excellent destination for anyone who loves gardens and gardening. The state offers a wide range of non-toxic, deer-resistant native plants that will complement your garden, including iris, daffodils, salvia, purple coneflower, and bleeding heart. Deer-resistant plants are not only easy to maintain, but they also add a sense of style to your garden that deer or other animals cannot resist.

Additionally, plants that contain a high level of tannins or produce strong odors can deter deer from entering your garden. Planting herbs like basil, thyme, and oregano around your garden or placing aromatic sachets can also be helpful in deer-proofing your garden.

Nebraska

Nebraska is known for its cold weather, and gardeners often experience challenges due to deer damage. However, gardeners can utilize deer-resistant plants that can withstand the state’s climatic conditions. Some of these plants include the northern sea oats, Siberian iris, blanket flower, and the black-eyed Susan. Using these plants in your garden can decrease the likelihood of deer damage while maintaining a beautiful, blooming landscape.

Another strategy to deter deer is to use hanging baskets. These baskets add an extra layer of protection and are deer-resistant, especially when planted with non-toxic flowers or foliage. You can also use repellents to keep the deer away from your garden, such as spraying the plants with a hot pepper solution or placing smelly scents like mothballs as a barrier around your garden.

Nevada

Nevada is a state that experiences more desert-like conditions. However, it is still home to many deer-resistant plants that can survive in such conditions. For instance, some plants that can resist deer damage include the evening primrose, sagebrush, pine needle groundcover, and succulents such as agave or cacti. They can be planted around your garden to offer exquisite and unique landscaping features while maintaining pest resistance.

In addition to planting deer-resistant plants, you may want to use fencing as a more permanent solution. Installing high fences around the garden, for example, can block the deer from entering or installing a low fence that is hard for deer to jump over but allows easy garden access for human caretakers. Such barriers can offer long-term security for your garden, especially if you live in a heavily deer-populated area.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire gardeners may face challenges with white-tailed deer browsing on their plants. Thus, using deer-resistant plants that can withstand the seasonal changes is crucial. When looking to incorporate deer-resistant plants in your garden design, it is essential to use plants with an aromatic fragrance that deer dislike. Examples include echinacea, catmint, and daffodils.

Alternatively, certain ornamental trees like the weeping cherry, which has hard branches that deer cannot chew, can protect your garden. You can also use repellents to keep deer away. For example, spraying deer granular repellents directly onto your plants can help bring about smell aversion to the deer and prevent their entry into your garden.

New Jersey

New Jersey is home to many deer-resistant plants that can withstand the state’s climatic challenges. Some of these plants include daffodils, allium, oxeye daisy, bee balm, and sage. These plants promote garden beauty and are resistant to most garden pests, including deer.

Another excellent way to deter deer is to make it hard for the deer to enter your garden. This means installing deer-resistant plants on your garden’s perimeter or using a combination of tall and short fencing that not only blocks the deer from entering but also provides an appealing point for the eyes.

New Mexico

New Mexico gardeners can experience challenges with deer damage, but using deer-resistant plants that thrive in the state can make a huge difference. Some of these plants include the silver king artemisia, daylilies, lavender cotton, gaura, and the lantana. These plants’ enchanting beauty and resistance to deer damage make them a perfect choice for the state’s garden enthusiasts.

Additionally, using repellents that are safe for humans and plants is advisable. You can use chili pepper powder, garlic sauce, or rotten-egg-based sprays to repel deer from your garden. You can also use physical barriers such as fencing to keep deer away and protect your garden.

New York

New York is home to many deer-resistant plants that can complement your garden and keep the deer away. Some of these plants include snowdrops, daffodils, ferns, hostas, and the Chinese holly. The use of these deer-resistant plants ensures that your garden not only thrives, but its beauty is preserved even in areas with a high deer population.

Another effective strategy for protecting your garden is using repellents. Repellents that contain predator urine, such as coyote or wolf urine, can deter deer from invading your garden. Additionally, you can place a bar soap on a stake close to your garden, and the deer’s smell will and likely repel the deer from entering your garden.

North Carolina

North Carolina is known for its scenic vistas and beautiful gardens. Unfortunately, deer can cause a lot of damage to these gardens. To protect your plants, consider using deer-resistant plants that will discourage deer from eating them. Some of these plants include daffodils, Russian sage, and zinnias. Many of these plants are also drought-resistant, making them a great addition to your garden.

In addition to using deer-resistant plants, there are other steps you can take to discourage deer from eating your garden. These include erecting physical barriers, using deer repellents, and using scent and sound deterrents. Some gardeners have also had success using motion-activated sprinklers to scare deer away from their gardens.

North Dakota

North Dakota has a variety of plants that are deer-resistant, including lavender, salvia, and yarrow. These plants are not only beautiful additions to your garden, but they will also help to deter deer from eating your other plants. In addition to using deer-resistant plants, consider using other methods to protect your garden from deer, such as erecting physical barriers or using deer repellents.

One thing to keep in mind when creating a deer-resistant garden in North Dakota is that the cold weather can also damage your plants. Be sure to choose plants that are hardy enough to survive the long, cold winters.

Ohio

Ohio gardeners have many options for deer-resistant plants, such as yarrow, butterfly bush, and hellebore. These plants not only look beautiful, but will also help to deter deer from eating your other plants. In addition to using deer-resistant plants, consider using other methods to protect your garden from deer, such as erecting physical barriers, using deer repellents, or using scent and sound deterrents.

One thing to keep in mind when creating a deer-resistant garden in Ohio is that different regions of the state may have different deer habits. Some regions may have more deer than others, while deer populations may be less active in other areas. Be sure to research which plants and methods will work best for your specific location.

Oklahoma

Oklahoma gardeners can use a variety of deer-resistant plants to protect their gardens, such as Russian sage, salvia, and marigolds. These plants not only look beautiful, but will also help to deter deer from eating your other plants. In addition to using deer-resistant plants, consider using other methods to protect your garden from deer, such as erecting physical barriers, using deer repellents, or using scent and sound deterrents.

One thing to keep in mind when creating a deer-resistant garden in Oklahoma is that the state has a variety of climates, ranging from humid subtropical to semi-arid. Be sure to research which plants and methods will work best for your specific location.

Oregon

Oregon has a variety of deer-resistant plants that are perfect for protecting your garden, such as lupine, rosemary, and chrysanthemums. These plants not only look beautiful, but will also help to deter deer from eating your other plants. In addition to using deer-resistant plants, consider using other methods to protect your garden from deer, such as erecting physical barriers, using deer repellents, or using scent and sound deterrents.

One thing to keep in mind when creating a deer-resistant garden in Oregon is that certain regions of the state may have more active deer populations than others. Be sure to research which plants and methods will work best for your specific location.

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania gardeners can use a variety of deer-resistant plants to protect their gardens, such as daffodils, lavender, and bee balm. These plants not only look beautiful, but will also help to deter deer from eating your other plants. In addition to using deer-resistant plants, consider using other methods to protect your garden from deer, such as erecting physical barriers, using deer repellents, or using scent and sound deterrents.

One thing to keep in mind when creating a deer-resistant garden in Pennsylvania is that deer habits can vary widely depending on the region of the state. Some areas may have more active deer populations than others, while certain plants may be more effective at deterring deer in certain areas. Be sure to research which plants and methods will work best for your specific location.

FAQ

Do purple irises constitute a part of a deer’s diet?

Purple iris are not typically on the menu for deer, which means they can be a smart addition to a garden or backyard if you are hoping to keep these animals at bay. In fact, iris plants in general, including various types like bearded, Siberian, African, and Japanese, are not often eaten by deer. This makes them a helpful tool for gardeners who want to protect more tempting plants and veggies from animal grazing. Another option to consider for animal-resistant planting is Dutch iris, which are also known to be resistant to deer and rabbits.

Will deer consume blue iris?

Blue iris plants are known for their stunning flowers, but gardeners may be concerned about whether or not they are susceptible to deer damage. Fortunately, studies show that deer are not typically interested in blue iris plants, meaning that they are a safe and reliable option for gardens and landscaping. This is especially great news for those looking for deer-resistant plants, as blue iris plants will not attract them to the garden and steal focus from other beloved plants and vegetables.

Do irises keep deer away?

It has been reported that deer tend to avoid feeding on iris plants. This makes irises an ideal choice for gardens as they can serve as a deterrent for deer from consuming other more desirable plants and crops. Some varieties of iris, including bearded, Siberian, African, and Japanese, are not typically eaten by deer. Additionally, Dutch iris have been found to be resistant to both deer and rabbits, making them another viable option for those looking to cultivate a deer-resistant garden.

Will Dutch iris be consumed by deer?

For those looking to add some color and visual appeal to their garden without attracting deer, Dutch iris is a great option. These beautiful flowers are known to be resistant to deer, meaning they won’t be eaten or destroyed by these animals. This makes them an ideal choice for anyone who wants to create a garden that’s both beautiful and functional.

Conclusion

So, do deer eat iris? Unfortunately, yes they may eat them, however, they usually are not on their menu. But fear not, fellow gardeners! There are ways to protect your precious irises and other plants from these pesky herbivores. From erecting barriers to using deer repellents, there are several measures you can take to ensure a deer-resistant garden. And don’t worry, you don’t have to sacrifice beauty for function – there are plenty of gorgeous plants that deer tend to avoid.

Creating a deer-resistant garden may take some effort, but it’s definitely worth it in the long run. Plus, imagine the satisfaction of outsmarting those pesky deer! So, check out some plant lists by state to find the best options for your area, and get started on creating a garden that’s both beautiful and practical. Your irises (and other plants) will thank you!

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